Putting research into practice: Training academics to use Open Data as OER: An experience from Uruguay

View from the lecture theatre after the storm (by me under CC_BY_NC)

Post written by Javiera Atenas  (@jatenas)

Last week Chiara Ciociola, Manuel Podetti  and myself – with the help from OD4D and ILDA that  supported us on developing this project- ran a three-day workshop in Montevideo, in which we trained a group of academics, secondary school teachers, librarians, public sector professionals and postgraduate students in using Open Data as Open Educational Resources, and by working in groups they projected a research, explored the data and communicated the results using data journalism techniques.

40 (amazingly motivated) people attended the course during the 3 days despite the weather (torrential rains I brought all the way down from London). With the academic support and expertise of Manuel Podetti and Virginia Rodés from Núcleo REA (Universidad de la República) and with the invluable collaboration of Carolina Veiga and Daniel Carranza from Data Uruguay,  the participants achieved so much, leaving us amazed by setting up the bar so high.

The course design was a team effort, I had my very own ideas, taken mostly from the research Leo Havemann and I have done on Open Data as Open Educational Resources (book + paper), but it was inspired by the methodology developed by A Scuola di Open Coesione, and in the work Chiara Ciociola and Luigi Reggi  do on Open Data for civic engagement. Also, we had lots of support from Silvia Sanjuan to develop the materials in Spanish and got lots of ideas for this course from Nelson Piedra, Annalisa Manca, Francesca de Chiara, Mor Rubistein, Carla Bonina, Tim Coughlan and Fabrizio Scrollini.

To develop the course content, I looked into best practices on Open Data related literacies, and got some great content from Escuela de Datos and Open Knowledge International to introduce the participants to Open Data. But also, got help gathering resources, tutorials, ideas and good examples from Mariel García, Camila Salazar, Hassell Fallas, Juan Manuel Casanueva, Silvana Fumega and many other friends from Abrelatam, to all of whom I’m really thankful.

The course was outlined in three stages [project, explore and narrate] using a critical pedagogy approach to develop – in a short period of time – the skills needed to use open data as teaching and learning resources in formal and informal learning environments, working in multidisciplinary contexts and involving the civil society in the projects, to work with students into solving real life problems towards developing critical thinking and citizenship skills.

Image by Manuel Podetti

On the first day [project], during the morning, the participants were introduced to the world of Openness (Open Licenses, Open Data and Open Educational Resources) and its basic tools. The afternoon started with the group work, setting up the first challenge: To work in groups and find a real life problem and to project a research question out of it which could be answered by using open data as core research element. So the participants gather up in multidisciplinary teams in which each participant had a specific role (project manager, designer, principal researcher, journalist or analyst) and by the end of the day, they all had a research problem, a research method and potential open data portals and documentation to gather information.

On the second day [explore], during the morning we reviewed tools to create datasets and to visualise data. During the afternoon, the participants started to report into the research problems and – with the help of lots of Mate to keep us warm and awake – presented the initial results of their research. Also, we had an interesting discussion about their views and perceptions on the pedagogical value of their projects, with a focus on the challenges they have faced and what they have achieved so far, looking into ways to embed these new data-led practices for teaching students or for training communities.

Image by Chiara Ciociola

On the third day [narrate] on the morning session, we looked into Data Journalism techniques and examples, we reviewed the news from traditional newspapers and compared them with news from Data Journalism portals, and discussed ways to embed data journalism techniques into teaching and learning to improve students’ communication skills and numeracies. During the afternoon, the groups worked into reporting the outcomes of their research in the READA-UdelaR Blog and finally presented the results of their projects.

Blog with the final reports from the groups – READA – UdelaR

As can be seen in the READA blog , the groups chose a diverse range of themes and topics, and also, chose different approaches and methods to analyse the data and to present the outcomes. One of the things that most surprised us, it was the speed in which they became empowered and started trying to access to public data that was not yet open, dealing with FOI requests and contacting the organisations that must have provided with the data.

Every group dealt with a different issue, from access to food to road accidents, they all used different research methodologies and reported and various and diverse ways. All their projects targeted real life problems, and in three days, every group was able to came with a research outcome and proposed solutions, they all presented nice and insightful infographics and participated in a panel where they discussed with the rest of the course the lessons learned, the challenges faced and sought for ideas to embed this practice into the classroom.

Also, it was interesting to see the landscape of opportunities they described as potential pedagogical uses of open data in formal and informal education, such as “provide the students with a different perspective to access information widening their panoramas“; “to empower students as citizens by giving them innovative tools to collect information and data“; “to explain the students the laws that allow them to get the data they need and to use it as an act of civic responsibility” and also, “to work with my colleagues to help students to work in multidisciplinary projects“.

From my side, I did learn a lot, both as a researcher and as a trainer, I loved the experience, the group of collaborators and participants was amazing, we were happily exhausted by the end of it, the motivation was contagious. I know there are some bits to improve in the course, but for being the first experience of this kind, I could not ask for more, I am really grateful for this opportunity and I’m looking forward to run this workshop again, as it was an incredible experience.

Organisations that supported and or sponsored this project

 

Why Open Data is key to teach democracy and citizenship

It has been taking me few days to put into words  what has happened in the country I called home for the last few years, it has been sad, confusing and overwhelming.

Not long ago, with my colleague Leo Havemann (@leohavemann) started doing some research about the value of Open Data as Open Educational Resources, and with a little help from our friends, we published a book and a paper, but until this point this was just an idea in our heads, Open Data is key to teach citizenship skills and to understand democracy, and we did lots of research about it, and we still do (with Chiara Ciociola, Fabrizio Scrollini, Tim Coughlan, Francesca de Chiara and Annalisa Manca et al.) and we saw its value at theoretical level, but when I woke up on Friday, in despair, I noticed that as Open Data and Open Education community we haven’t done enough to educate others, because the voters in the UK have been misleading with false claims and manipulated by the right to believe that the root of evil were the migrants (EU, non EU & Refugees) and the axis of evil was European Union.

How could this happen? well, there are certain indicators that can explain this, those who voted for Brexit were mostly over 40 years old, and, Brexiters grew accordingly with age, the eldest were more prone to vote for leave, but, within this group, only 34.8% of the population completed tertiary education (Source: OECD Data), which means (for me) that the most vulnerable and illiterate group of the population were maliciously (mis)led to vote against the migrants and the EU, and were used as an instrument to promote a rather xenophobic agenda and to lead the country into a political and economical crisis, so the politicians can now have another scapegoat to blame, the illiterate and elderly people of Britain.

But as they say here, we need to keep calm and carry on, however, this carry on, put us, and by us I mean people working in the fields of Openness (Education, Data, Science & Access) into promoting global citizenship, working closer with the civil society  (as the friends from Abrelatam, ILDA, Open Knowledge International, School of Data and SocialTIC are doing)to create spaces for capacity building for students, teachers and academics towards developing data literacies so people can understand numbers, graphs, statistics and can critically assess the information.

I firmly believe that Open Data is a key resource to teach critical thinking, and used as Open Educational Resources allows us to showcase phenomena and to build understanding of it by critically evaluating and assessing a problem. Since the referendum campaign started we have seen far too many graphs, but graphs are misleading, people cannot read them, and stats are manipulated by the media as big red numbers and letters and shocking images are to construct newspapers headlines, and the illiterate people are terrorised by fake facts and they cannot assess truth from lies.

I know this is a sad time for many of us, scary for lots of us and probably uncertain for most of us, but I also see an opportunity for the Open Education community to collectively build a more democratic society because today promoting openness is key.  The more Open Access research is published the more people can read evidence-based information. If Open Data is used  in teaching and learning, students will be able to critically assess the media, to question their governments and their policies, and by embracing Open Science principles, students will be able replicate studies to critically construct their opinions.

We need to support the development of a more critical society  to prevent politicians creating a new scapegoat to manipulate the society, but mostly to make sure that the darkest hours of Europe  won’t repeat, because as Niemöller once wrote

“First they came for the Socialists, and I did not speak out—
Because I was not a Socialist.

Then they came for the Trade Unionists, and I did not speak out—
Because I was not a Trade Unionist.

Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out—
Because I was not a Jew.

Then they came for me—and there was no one left to speak for me.”

 

Honest and reliable Open Access Journals in Open and Distance Education

Most readers are aware that under the current publishing market model, the only organisations profiting from publishing scientific research are large corporations or predatory independent publishers that charge high rates to authors for Article Processing Charges (APCs) and/or that charge libraries high subscription fees to provide digital (not printed) access to articles, in order to make them somehow available to the readers (see the cost of academic publishing).

I love the concept of openness, because it’s all about sharing good practices, ideas and making research accessible for everyone everywhere, democratising access to knowledge and information. So, in order to celebrate Open Access Week, I compiled a very short list of journals that are fully open access and that do not charge the authors for publishing with them. This for me is key, as while I was doing my PhD I was able to publish my research in some of these journals without having to pay for APCs and to access all their articles without my having to pay (or my library having to pay) for subscription.

The list of journals I give below can make life much better for early-career researchers and for those researchers that do not work in academia, that want to get their research in open education published in high quality journals, and that want to conduct research where libraries cannot afford to pay for subscriptions. The list should also be of great help to the increasing number of independent researchers outside higher education institutions.

What is important to me are the editorial values of these journals: they are supported by international universities and organisations, they do not aim at profiting in any way, they have excellent editorial boards, they are well indexed and finally, they have speedy publishing times, which is beneficial both for authors and readers.

• E-learning papers http://www.openeducationeuropa.eu/en/elearning_papers
• European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning (EURODL) http://www.eurodl.org
• International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning (IRRODL) http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl
• Open Praxis http://openpraxis.org/index.php/OpenPraxis
• Research in Learning Technology (RLT) http://www.researchinlearningtechnology.net/index.php/rlt
• Universities and Knowledge Society Journal (RUSC) http://journals.uoc.edu/index.php/rusc/
• Journal of Learning for Development* (JL4D) http://www.jl4d.org/index.php/ejl4d/index 
• Journal of Online Learning Research (JOLR)** https://www.aace.org/pubs/jolr/
• Journal of Online Learning and Teaching (JOLT)** http://jolt.merlot.org/

** JL4D recommended by Professor Alan Tait @AlanTait 

** JOLR & JOLT recommended by Robert Farrow @philosopher1978 from @OER_hub

Use of Open Data in Higher Education – Uso de datos abiertos en la Educación Universitaria

Are you an academic? Have you used open data for your teaching? Can you please share your experience?
We (@leohavemann, @ErnestoPriego and myself, @jatenas) are conducting a mini “research” to understand which portals, tools or repositories academics use to retrieve open datasets and how this information is being used in teaching and learning in Higher Education.
If you have any questions, please contact me in Twitter (@jatenas), I will publish the results of this survey as a blog post as soon as possible.

To let us know how you use open data in your academic practice, please fill this 5 minute survey https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1usWcey78Yr1kiB5-g-IlBWOQIKu1h271WfMscgS4DJo/viewform

——–
¿Eres académico/a? ¿Has utilizado datos abiertos en tu docencia? ¿Puedes por favor compartir tu experiencia?
Estamos (@leohavemann, @ErnestoPriego and yo, @jatenas)  realizando un mini “investigación” para entender que portales, herramientas o repositorios se utilizan en la educación universitaria para recuperar conjuntos de datos abiertos y cómo esta información es utilizada por docentes universitarios.

Para contarnos como usas los datos abiertos en tu práctica docente, por favor contesta esta pequeña encuesta https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1usWcey78Yr1kiB5-g-IlBWOQIKu1h271WfMscgS4DJo/viewform

Si tienes alguna pregunta, por favor contáctate conmigo en Twitter (jatenas), publicaré los resultados de esta encuesta como una entrada en el blog tan pronto como sea posible.

Bibliography of OER, ROER and related subjects (PART 1)

*** As I got a very large list of references by  @edaberta about OER research in Portuguese  and by @fagottissimo on the literature they collected for the Wikijis project I will continue this post in a part II and possibly in a part III.

**Updated on the 8th of October with part of the Portuguese literature in OER**

—

During the last 4 years and with a little help of my friends (mostly @leohavemann & @ernestopriego) I collected a large (very large) list of references on OER, Open Education, Open Educational Practices, repositories, open access and related themes which I used to write my PhD and all the papers / columns / presentations we have written, and, basically this lists has been stored in my ref management system for a while, quietly, but suddenly this week I been asked to share my list of references by few of my fellow OER researchers, so here it is… but before start, please read the notes below

• Please bear in mind this is my very personal OER bibliography, and I’m sure I’m forgetting to add some super important references and key resources, or that there are some mistakes in this post, so, if you are twisting your head around and crawling on the ceiling like Linda Blair because I forgot to add THAT piece of research or because the reference is not correct, please forgive me and send me the reference and/or the link to the paper.

• If you have written some research (papers, conferences papers, dissertations et al.) in open education, OER, open repositories of T&L resources et al., in any language and you would like to see the reference on this post, simply add the papers’ reference (APA – MLA) in the comments area, or send me a tweet with the link. Please send over only published – peer reviewed articles, as I cannot refer blog posts or other online materials, and make sure you add the link to retrieve the resource. I will give preference to the papers published in Open Access Journals as they are accessible to all…

• Also, there is a possibility (well, I’m sure) that some of the links are broken, sorry for that, the best way to retrieve a paper with a broken link is by going to Google Scholar – your local library system and search for it. I don’t think I will have the time to fix broken links because, as you might know, managing references is like having a leaking ceiling, you fix one hole and starts dripping somewhere else.

• Finally, if you find listed here a paper that speaks about OER, Open Access, OEP, and any other open concept but is chained to a paywall journal, first inhale and exhale a few times and the try contacting the author(s) of the article asking them why? (why, why, why?…) and maybe, ping the paper’s URL to the friends from the Open Access Button – @oa_button to raise awareness about the value of open access and also to highlight the open content / paywalled published contradiction…

So, the reference list is here, is not perfect I know but hope is useful…

Bibliography of OER – ROER – RLO related themes

Abegg, I., Bastos, F. da P. de , Alberti, T. F., & Mallmann, E. M. (2013). MOOC mediado por REA : prática da liberdade nos programas de capacitação continuada no ensino superior. Retrieved from https://repositorioaberto.uab.pt/handle/10400.2/3076

Abeywardena, I., Raviraja, S., & Tham, C. (2012). Conceptual framework for parametrically measuring the desirability of open educational resources using D-index. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 5(3). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1177

Abeywardena, I., Gajaraj , D. and Choo, K. L (2013) Open educational resources in Malaysia. In: Open educational resources: an Asian perspective. Commonwealth of Learning, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 119-132. ISBN 9781894975612. Retrieved from http://eprint.wou.edu.my/50/

Abeywardena, I., Tham, C., & Raviraja, S. (2012). Conceptual Framework for Parametrically Measuring the Desirability of Open Educational Resources using D-Index. Journal of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 13(2). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1177/2181

Aguaded-Gómez, J. I. (2013). The MOOC Revolution: A new form of education from the technological paradigm? Comunicar, 21(41), 07–08. doi:10.3916/C41-2013-a1

 Albert, M.-T. (2012). Community development through World Heritage. World Heritage Papers 31 – Community Development through World Heritage, 31, 32 – 38. Retrieved from http://whc.unesco.org/documents/publi_wh_papers_31_en.pdf

 Alevizou, P. (2012a). Open to interpretation? : productive frameworks for understanding audience engagement with OER. In Cambridge 2012: Innovation and Impact – Openly Collaborating to Enhance Education, a joint meeting of OER12 and OpenCourseWare Consortium Global 2012. Cambridge. Retrieved from http://oro.open.ac.uk/33452/

Alencar, A., & Neto, J. M. (2012). Democratizando o Acesso à Vida e Obra de Paulo Freire: a experiência do Projeto Paulo Freire Memória e Presença. Anais dos Workshops do Congresso Brasileiro de Informática na Educação, 1(1). Retrieved from http://br-ie.org/pub/index.php/wcbie/article/view/1886

Almeida, L. B. de, Merkle, L. E., & Silva, E. A. (2012). Proposta de Fluxo de Trabalho para Organização de Repositórios Abertos de Maneira Colaborativa. Anais dos Workshops do Congresso Brasileiro de Informática na Educação, 1(1). Retrieved from http://br-ie.org/pub/index.php/wcbie/article/view/1885

Alevizou, P. (2012b). The dark side of the knowledge commons?: open educational media and tensions surrounding autonomy and novel spheres of control. In ECREA 2012 Pre-Conference: Imposing Freedoms: The Role of Copyright, Privacy and Censorship Governance in the Re/definition of Rights in Digital Media. Istanbul. Retrieved from http://oro.open.ac.uk/35483/

Almeida, Fernando José de , Silva, M. da G. M. da , & Franco, M. M. G. (2012). Materiais mediadores e abertos para construção de conhecimento. Retrieved from http://www.curriculosemfronteiras.org/vol12iss3articles/almeida-silva-franco.pdf

Amiel, T. (2013). Identifying Barriers to the Remix of Translated Open Educational Resources. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 14(1). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1351/2448

Amiel, T., Orey, M., & West, R. (2011). Recursos educacionais abertos (rea): modelos para localização e adaptação. ETD–Educaçao Temática Digital, 112–125. Retrieved from http://www.fe.unicamp.br/revistas/ged/etd/article/view/2284

Amiel, T. (2014). Recursos Educacionais Abertos: uma análise a partir do livro didático de história. Retrieved from http://rhhj.anpuh.org/ojs/index.php/RHHJ/article/view/117/93 

Amiel, T., & Santos, K. (2013). Uma análise dos termos de uso de repositórios de recursos educacionais digitais no Brasil. Trilha Digital, 1(1), 118–133. Retrieved from http://editorarevistas.mackenzie.br/index.php/TDig/article/view/5892

Andrade, A., Ehlers, U.-D., Caine, A., Carneiro, R., & Conole, G. (2011). Beyond OER: Shifting Focus from Resources to Practices (pp. 1–191). Duisburg-Essen. Retrieved from http://www.oerasia.org/OERResources/8.pdf

Annand, D. (2007). Re-organizing Universities for the Information Age. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 8(3). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/372/952

Arcos, B. de los. (2014). Flipping with OER : K12 teachers ’ views of the impact of open practices on students. In OCWC Global 2014: Open Education for a Multicultural World. Ljubljana,. Retrieved from http://oro.open.ac.uk/40093/

Arimoto, M. M., & Barbosa, E. F. (2012). Um conjunto preliminar de práticas para o desenvolvimento ágil de recursos educacionais abertos. Anais dos Workshops do Congresso Brasileiro de Informática na Educação, 1(1). Retrieved from http://www.br-ie.org/pub/index.php/wcbie/article/view/1888

Armellini, A., & Nie, M. (2013). Open educational practices for curriculum enhancement. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning, 28(1), 7–20. doi:10.1080/02680513.2013.796286

  Atenas, J., & Havemann, L. (2013). A vision of Quality in Repositories of Open Educational Resources. In Y. Punie, Christine Redecker, & J. Castaño (Eds.), OPEN EDUCATION 2030. JRC-IPTS CALL FOR VISION PAPERS. PART III: HIGHER EDUCATION (pp. 54–59). European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies. Retrieved from http://is.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pages/EAP/documents/All_OE2030_HE_v 4_author revised_OK.pdf

  Atenas, J., & Havemann, L. (2013). Quality assurance in the open: an evaluation of OER repositories. INNOQUAL-International Journal for Innovation and Quality in Learning, 1(2), 22–34. Retrieved from http://papers.efquel.org/index.php/innoqual/article/view/30/12

 Atenas, J., & Havemann, L. (2014). Questions of quality in repositories of open educational resources: a literature review. Research in Learning Technology, 22. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v22.20889

 Atenas, J., Havemann, L., & Priego, E. (2014). Opening teaching landscapes: The importance of quality assurance in the delivery of open educational resources. Open Praxis, 6(1), 29–43. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.6.1.81

 Atenas, J., Rojas-Sateler, F., & Pérez-Montoro, M. (2012). Repositorios de recursos educativos abiertos. El Profesional de La Información, 21(2), 190–193. doi:10.3145/epi.2012.mar.10

 Atkins, D. E., Brown, J. S., & Hammond, A. L. (2007). A review of the open educational resources (OER) movement: Achievements, challenges, and new opportunities. The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.hewlett.org/uploads/files/ReviewoftheOERMovement.pdf

 Attis, D., Koproske, C., & Miller, C. (2012). Understanding the MOOC Trend The Adoption and Impact of Massive Open Online Courses. Retrieved from https://www20.csueastbay.edu/oaa/files/Info_files/MOOC Trend.pdf

Barin, C. S., Müller, L., & Ellensohn, R. M. (2012). Construção de significados e interação com, no e pelo computador: Estudos problematizados no AVEA Moodle sobre uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação. RENOTE, 10(1). Retrieved from http://seer.ufrgs.br/renote/article/view/30881

Barbosa, E., Gimenes, I. M., & Barroca, L. (2012). Towards the development of open educational resources: challenges and issues. In II International Symposium on OER: Issues for globalization and localization. Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved from http://www.br-ie.org/pub/index.php/wcbie/article/view/1889

Barker, P. (2005). What is IEEE Learning Object Metadata/IMS Learning Resource Metadata? Cetis standards briefings series. Bolton. Retrieved from http://publications.cetis.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/WhatIsIEEELOM.pdf

Barker, P. (2010). Metadata for Learning Materials: An Overview of Existing Standards and Current Developments. Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning, 7(3 – 4), 225 –243. Retrieved from http://www.oldcitypublishing.com/TICL/TICLcontents/TICLv7n3-4contents.html

Barrio, M., & García, S. (2007). Acciones de diseño y desarrollo de objetos educativos digitales: programas institucionales. RUSC. Universities and Knowledge Society Journal, 14(Special Issue: Contenidos educativos en abierto). Retrieved from http://www.uoc.edu/rusc/4/1/dt/esp/gertrudix_alvarez_galisteo_galvez.pdf

Bassani, P. B. S., & Barbosa, D. N. F. (2012). Uma experiência envolvendo o desenvolvimento de recursos educacionais digitais sob a perspectiva da atividade.RENOTE, 10(3). Retrieved from http://seer.ufrgs.br/renote/article/view/36399

Beetham, H. (2011). Understanding the role of OERs in open educational practices. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/loumcgill/understanding-the-role-of-oers-in-open-educational-practices

Bell, F. (2011). Connectivism: Its Place in Theory-Informed Research and Innovation in Technology- Enabled Learning. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 12(3), 98 – 118. Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/902/1664

Benkler, Y. (2005). Common wisdom: Peer production of educational materials. Retrieved from http://benkler.xablsng.com/Common_Wisdom.pdf

Bennett, S., & Oliver, M. (2011). Talking back to theory: the missed opportunities in learning technology research. Research in Learning Technology, 19(3), 179–189. doi:10.1080/21567069.2011.624997

Bergamin, P., & Filk, C. (2009). «Open Educational Resources » ( OER ) – Ein didaktischer Kulturwechsel ? In M. Müller, P. Bergamin, & C. Filk (Eds.), Offene Bildungsinhalte (OER), Teilen von Wissen oder Gratisbildungskultur? (pp. 25 – 38). Bern: Hep verlag. Retrieved from http://www.ifel.ch/en/publikationen-en/OER-Bergamin_Filk.pdf

Bindé, J., & Matsuura, K. (2005). Towards knowledge societies. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001418/141843e.pdf

Bissell, A. (2009). Permission granted: open licensing for educational resources. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 24(1), 97–106. doi:10.1080/02680510802627886

Boneu, J. (2007). Plataformas abiertas de e-learning para el soporte de contenidos educativos abiertos. RUSC. Universities and Knowledge Society Journal, 4. Retrieved from http://www.uoc.edu/ojs/index.php/rusc/article/viewFile/v4n1-contenidos-educativos-en-abierto/v4n1-contenidos-educativos-en-abierto#page=36

Bossu, C., Bull, D., & Brown, M. (2012). Opening up Down Under: the role of open educational resources in promoting social inclusion in Australia. Distance Education, (August 2012), 37–41. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01587919.2012.692050

Brace, I. (2008). Questionnaire Design: How to Plan, Structure and Write Survey Material for Effective Market Research (2nd ed., p. 288). Philadelphia: Kogan – Market Research in Practice.

Brent, I., Gibbs, G. R., & Gruszczynska, A. K. (2012). Obstacles to creating and finding Open Educational Resources: the case of research methods in the social sciences. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, (Special Issue on Open Educational Resources), 1–17. Retrieved from http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/jime/article/viewArticle/2012-05/html

Browne, T., Holding, R., Hollell, A., & Rodway-Dyer, S. (2010). The challenges of OER to Academic Practice. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, (Special Issue on Open Educational Resources), 1–15. Retrieved from http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/jime/article/viewArticle/2010-3/html

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Santos, A. (2013). Recursos Educacionais Abertos no Brasil – o estado da Arte, desafios e perspectivas para o desenvolvimento e inovação . Retrieved from http://www.cetic.br/publicacoes/2012/rea-andreia-inamorato.pdf

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Shum, S. B., & Liddo, A. De. (2010). Collective intelligence for OER sustainability. In OpenED2010: Seventh Annual Open Education Conference. Barcelona. Retrieved from http://openaccess.uoc.edu/webapps/o2/handle/10609/5085

Siemens, G. (2003). Why we should share learning resources. E-Learnspace, 29. Retrieved from http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/why_we_should_ share.htm

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Silva, M. A. G. (2012, December 6). LOD: Uma abordagem para desenvolvimento de objetos de aprendizagem multimídia e interativos (Tese de Doutorado). Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-06122012-162839/pt-br.php

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Smith, M., & Casserly, C. (2006). The Promise of Open Educational Resources. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 38(5), 8 – 17. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/CHNG.38.5.8-17

South African Institute for Distance Education. (2013). OER Africa. Retrieved from http://www.oerafrica.org/about-us-2

Souza, M. de F. C. de. (2012). Customização Guiada: uma estratégia orientada a modelos para produção de objetos de aprendizagem. Retrieved fromhttp://capesdw.capes.gov.br/capesdw/resumo.html?idtese=20121222001018048P5

Starobinas, L. (2012). REA na educação básica: a colaborção como estratégia de enriquecimento dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem. In Recursos Educacionais Abertos: práticas colaborativas e políticas públicas (Vol. 1, pp. 121–132). São Paulo – SP; Salvador- BA. Retrieved from http://livrorea.net.br/livroREA-1edicao-mai2012.pdf

Swan, A. (2012). Policy guidelines for the development and promotion of open access. Paris: UNESCO. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002158/215863e.pdf

Tarrant, C. (2011). Guide to Open Learning. (E. J. Lepke, Ed.). Retrieved from http://www.iamcorbin.net/articles/openlearning/34-guide-to-open-learning-menu

 Timmermann, C. (2013). Life Sciences, Intellectual Property Regimes and Global Justice. Wageningen University. Retrieved from http://edepot.wur.nl/276714

 Tosato, P., & Bodi, G. (2011). Collaborative Environments to foster creativity, reuse and sharing of OER. European Journal of Open and Distance Learning, Special Ed(Special Edition OER), 1–6. Retrieved from http://www.eurodl.org/materials/special/2011/Tosato_Bodi.htm

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Map of OER Repositories

Recently Leo @leohavemann and I were discussing on how was the best way to encourage academics to use OER and share their materials, how can we make them see at the impact that sharing content can have and after reviewing some very interesting models of data visualisation, we decided that the best way was to generate a map with a which contains the list taken from the directory of repositories of OER and some new more.

To access the Map of OER Repositories please go to  http://bit.ly/18NaDuu 

The University of Loja in Ecuador has developed an OER map we use as inspiration to showcase a large list of OCW and other initiatives http://serendipity.utpl.edu.ec/map/ so we thank Nelson @nopiedra for sharing his ideas with us. Also, we thank @gconole @fbocquet @Open_Education @alacre @polx @fatenas and @Andreas__Link for sharing repositories with us and for sharing the map around.

If you want us to tag another repository you can contact us by leaving a comment on the blog or in twitter to me @jatenas or Leo @leohavemann, just remember that we will only include repositories of OER, for institutional repositories of books, thesis and other documents you can contact the DOAR team as they are the experts.

List of OER Apps

One of the advantages of OER is that they can be used in mobile devices and some institutions are developing apps for Smartphones and tablets that can facilitate the access to the resources for educators and students.

This post is a compilation of OER Apps for mobile devices (Apple, Android, Blackberry), and I only found a few so  if  know some more and the link, please send me a tweet to @jatenas and I will add them to this list.

Thanks to: @patlockley

APPLE

OER SEARCH – OER Commons
https://itunes.apple.com/es/app/oer-search/id358703397?mt=8

Merlot Search
https://itunes.apple.com/app/merlot-oer-search/id541266116?mt=8

temoa: Recent OER
https://itunes.apple.com/mx/app/temoa-recent-oer/id453015756?mt=8

KOWC (Korean OCW)
https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/daehaggong-gaegang-ui-kocw/id376298429?mt=8

MIT OpenCourseWare LectureHall
https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/mit-opencourseware-lecturehall/id379390362?mt=8

ANDROID

OER SEARCH – OER Commons
http://www.androidpit.com/en/android/market/apps/app/org.oersearch.OERSearch/OER-Search

Merlot
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.merlot.search.html&hl=es

Temoa
http://www.androidpit.com/en/android/market/apps/app/com.appmakr.app291694/temoa-Recent-OER

Other Platforms

Merlot
http://mobile.merlot.org/blackberry/

Directory of OER repositories

Tweet #OER

Last update: 6th August 2014 –

Thanks to @OERhub team – @nopiedra – @EbbaOssian for sharing the data collected in their projects 

After weeks and weeks digging on the internet, reviewing hundreds of OER initiatives, projects, blogs and hashtags, and also harassing other OER enthusiasts and experts in twitter, I managed to develop a first version of a directory of OER repositories.

This version only includes the name of the repository, the URL and the country of the initiative and there are 73 OER repositories associated. If you know any other, if you see that I’m missing one (or many), if you are developing one, or you have any feedback, ideas or comments, please contact me on twitter @jatenas, as your input is really important for me.

I deliberatively did not include OWC, Institutional Repositories (articles, reports, thesis), ITunesU, MOOC initiatives, Open TextBooks, OpenAccess Repositories, sets of content that are not under CC licences such as BBC, or hybrid content repositories because this research is based on repositories of Open Educational Resources only.

Thanks to Andreas Link @elearning4, Abel Caine @abelcaine, Leo Havemann @leohavemann and Francisco Rojas @frojas_sateler for sharing resources and ideas.

Also thanks to (list growing):  @fagottissimo; @JanPawlowski;  @gildevic; @actwww; @fredgarnett; @curtrice; @ernestopriego;  @sarahthesheepu; @dkernohan; @alacre

See the directory here:

Name: Academic Earth
URL: http://academicearth.org/
Country: United States

Name: African Health OER Network
URL: http://www.oerafrica.org/healthoer
Country: Kenya

Name: Aljazeera creative commons repository
URL: http://cc.aljazeera.net/
Country: Qatar

Name: Almae Matris Studiorum Campus
URL: http://campus.unibo.it/
Country: Italy

Name: Ariadne
URL: http://www.ariadne-eu.org/
Country: European Union

Name: Banco de iten
URL: http://bi.gave.min-edu.pt/
Country: Portugal

Name: Banco de Objetos de Aprendizaje
URL: http://aplicaciones.virtual.unal.edu.co/drupal/?q=node/34
Country: Colombia

Name: Banco Internacional de Objetos Educacionais
URL: http://objetoseducacionais2.mec.gov.br
Country: Brazil

Name: Centro de Recursos para la Enseñanza y el Aprendizaje (CREA)
URL: http://www.crea.udg.mx/
Country: Mexico

Name: CChemCollective
URL: http://www.chemcollective.org/
Country: United Stated

Name: Commonwealth of Learning
URL: http://www.col.org/
Country: Canada

Name: Connexions
URL: http://cnx.org/
Country: United States

Name: Consortium for the Advancement of Undergraduate Statistics Education
URL: http://www.causeweb.org
Country: United States

Name: CSTC (Computing Science Teaching Center)
URL: http://www.cstc.org/
Country: United States

Name: Culturally Authentic Pictorial Lexicon
URL: http://capl.washjeff.edu
Country: United States

Name: Curriki
URL: http://welcome.curriki.org/
Country: United States

Name: Desarrolla, Aprende y Reutiliza (DAR)
URL: http://catedra.ruv.itesm.mx/
Country: Mexico

Name: Digiref
URL: http://www.digiref.se/index.php
Country: Sweden

Name: Digital Library for Earth System Education
URL: http://www.dlese.org/library/
Country: United States

Name: DUDA dk
URL: http://www.duda.dk
Country: Denmark

Name: Economics Network Online Learning and Teaching Materials
URL: http://www.economicsnetwork.ac.uk/links/othertl.htm
Country: United Kingdom

Name: Edu Fi
URL: http://www.edu.fi
Country: Finland

Name: Educar Chile
URL: http://www.educarchile.cl
Country: Chile

Name: Eduteka
URL: http://www.eduteka.org/
Country: Colombia

Name: eGyankosh
URL: http://www.egyankosh.ac.in/
Country: India

Name: EMU Danmarks lærninrsportal
URL: http://www.emu.dk/tema/kultur-og-læring
Country: Denmark

Name: Escuela virtual de Padres
URL: http://www.web-familias.com/
Country: Spain

Name: Everything Maths
URL: http://everythingmaths.co.za/
Country: South Africa

Name: Federal Resources for Educational Excellence
URL: http://www.free.ed.gov/index.cfm
Country: United States

Name: First World War Poetry Digital Archive
URL: http://www.oucs.ox.ac.uk/ww1lit/
Country: United Kingdom

Name: FREIburger Multimedia Object Repository
URL: http://freimore.uni-freiburg.de/
Country: Germany

Name: Geoscience Data Repository
URL: http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/home
Country: United States

Name: Hum Box
URL: http://humbox.ac.uk/
Country: United Kingdom

Name: I Cleen
URL:http://www.icleen.muse.it/
Country: Italy

Name: I-Berry
URL: http://iberry.com/
Country: United States

Name: IG2 – Intergeo
URL: http://i2geo.net/
Country: Germany

Name: Ilumina
URL: http://www.ilumina-dlib.org
Country: United States

Name: Interoperable Interactive Geometry for Europe (I2Geo)
URL: http://igeo.net
Country: Germany

Name: ITSON repositorio de objetos de aprendizaje
URL: http://biblioteca.itson.mx/oa/principal.htm
Country: Mexico

Name: Jorum
URL: http://www.jorum.ac.uk/
Country: United Kingdom

Name: Kursnavet
URL: http://www.kursnavet.se/
Country: Sweden

Name: La Flor (Laclo)
URL: http://laflor.laclo.org/
Country: Undefined (Latin America)

Name: Lab Space
URL: http://labspace.open.ac.uk/
Country: United Kingdom

Name: LeMill
URL: http://lemill.net/
Country: Finland

Name: Maknaz
URL: http://maknaz.elc.edu.sa/
Country: Saudi Arabia

Name: Maricopa Learning Exchange
URL: http://www.mcli.dist.maricopa.edu/mlx/
Country: United States

Name: Matematica Mutimidia
URL: http://www.m3.mat.br/
Country: Brazil

Name: MathWorld
URL: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/
Country: United Kingdom

Name: Materialeplatformen
URL:http://materialeplatform.emu.dk/materialer/index.jsp
Country: Denmark

Name: Matematikk
URL: http://www.matematikk.org
Country: Norway

Name: Merlot
URL: http://www.merlot.org
Country: United States

Name: National Learning Network
URL: http://www.nln.ac.uk/
Country: United Kingdom

Name: National Science Digital Library (NSDL)
URL: http://nsdl.org/
Country: United States

Name: NEEDS
URL: http://www.needs.org/
Country: United States

Name: NLDA
URL: http://ndla.no
Country: Norway

Name: NOER
URL: http://nroer.in/home/
Country: India

Name: OER Commons
URL: http://oercommons.org/
Country: United States

Name: OER Equella
URL: http://oer.equella.com/access/home.do
Country: United States

Name: OER Online Archive
URL: http://www.archive.org/
Country: Undefined

Name: Open Educational Resources (OER) Africa
URL: http://www.oerafrica.org/
Country: Kenia

Name: Open Educational Resources for Typography
URL: http://www.oert.org/
Country: Argentina

Name: OpenLearn
URL: http://www.open.edu/openlearn
Country: United Kingdom

Name: OpenLearnWare
URL: https://openlearnware.hrz.tu-darmstadt.de/
Country: Germany

Name: OpenMichigan
URL: http://open.umich.edu/
Country: United States

Name: Open Science Resources
URL: http://www.osrportal.eu/
Country: European Union

Name: Open UCT
URL: http://open.uct.ac.za
Country: South Africa

Name: Organic.Edunet Federation
URL: http://www.organic-edunet.eu/
Country: European Union

Name: OSTRICH
URL: http://ostrich.bath.ac.uk/taxonomy/term/49
Country: United Kingdom

Name: OTAN
URL: http://www.otan.us/
Country: United States

Name: Pearson Copyleft
URL: http://www.copyleftpearson.com.br
Country: Brazil

Name: Phet (Physics Education Technology)
URL: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/
Country: United States

Name: Portal das Escolas
URL: https://www.portaldasescolas.pt/
Country: Portugal

Name: Procomún
URL: http://procomun.educalab.es/comunidad/procomun
Country: Spain

Name: Recursos Educacionais Abertos Brasil
URL: http://rea.net.br/site/
Country: Brazil

Name: Repositorio de objetos de aprendizaje
URL: http://roa.mppeu.gob.ve/
Country: Venzuela

Name: Repositorio E-Learning
URL: http://e-repository.tecminho.uminho.pt/
Country: Portugal

Name: Restore
URL: http://www.restore.ac.uk
Country: United Kingdom

Name: RODA
URL: http://roda.culturaextremadura.com/
Country: Spain

Name: RRU Open Educational Resources
URL: http://oer.royalroads.ca/moodle/
Country: Canada

Name: RVP Metodicky Portal
URL: http://dum.rvp.cz/index.html
Country: Czech Republic

Name: Science Attic
URL: http://science-attic.org/
Country: Korea

Name: Skolresurser
URL: http://snar.fo
Country: Faroe Islands

Name: SNAR
URL: http://skolresurser.se
Country: Sweden

Name: Temoa
URL: http://www.temoa.info
Country: Mexico

Name: The Gateway
URL: http://www.thegateway.org/
Country: United States

Name: The Le@rning Federation
URL: http://www.ndlrn.edu.au/default.asp
Country: Australia

Name: The world lecture project
URL: http://www.world-lecture-project.org/
Country: Germany

Name: UNITRACC
URL: http://www.unitracc.com/
Country: Germany

Name: University of Leicester OER Repository
URL: http://www2.le.ac.uk/projects/oer
Country: United Kingdom

Name: VCILT
URL: http://vcampus.uom.ac.mu/lor/index.php?menu=1
Country: Mauritius

Name: Wikiwijs
URL: http://www.wikiwijs.nl/
Country: Netherlands

Name: Wisconsin Online Resource Center
URL: http://www.wisc-online.com/
Country: United States

Name: World History Sources
URL: http://chnm.gmu.edu/worldhistorysources/index.html
Country: United States

Name: Xpert
URL: http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/xpert/
Country: United Kingdom

Name: Zunia
URL: http://openeducation.zunia.org/
Country: United States

Javiera Atenas

2012